ANKMJ
Ankyra Medical Journal

Ankyra Medical Journal (AnkMJ), formerly known as the Journal of Translational and Practical Medicine, regularly publishes international quality issues in the field of Medicine in the light of current information.

eISSN: 3023-655X
Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International License.
EndNote Style

Online Manuscript System

Index
Review
Advanced review on biodegradable materials for bone repair: polymers, magnesium-based metals, and ceramics
Abstract
Biodegradable materials have garnered substantial attention in the field of bone repair due to their potential to eliminate the need for secondary surgeries, reduce patient pain, and decrease economic costs associated with orthopedic interventions. This review systematically summarizes the current knowledge, recent advancements, and clinical applications of three major categories of biodegradable bone repair materials: magnesium-based metals, polymers and ceramics. The physicochemical properties, degradation mechanisms, mechanical behaviors, and biocompatibility of these materials are discussed in depth. Additionally, this review highlights the challenges and future directions in the development of next-generation biodegradable bone implants, providing insights for researchers and clinicians aiming to optimize biomaterial selection for specific clinical applications.

Keywords : Biodegradable materials, bone repair, polymers, magnesium alloys, ceramics, biocompatibility, degradation mechanisms

Download Article


1. Sakkas A, Wilde F, Heufelder M, Winter K, Schramm A. Autogenous bone grafts in oral implantology-is it still a "gold standard"? A consecutive review of 279 patients with 456 clinical procedures.Int J Implant Dent. 2017;3(1):23. doi:10.1186/s40729-017-0084-4
2. Bastioli C. Biodegradable materials—present situation and future perspectives. In Macromolecular Symposia. Weinheim, Germany: WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. 1998.
3. Vieira AC, Guedes RM, Marques AT. Development of ligament tissue biodegradable devices: a review.J Biomech. 2009;42(15):2421-2430. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.07.019
4. Godavitarne C, Robertson A, Peters J, Rogers B. (2017). Biodegradable materials. Orthopaedics Trauma. 2017;31(5):316-320. doi:10.1016/j.mporth. 2017.07.011
5. Gao J, Su Y, Qin YX. Calcium phosphate coatings enhance biocompatibility and degradation resistance of magnesium alloy: correlating in vitroandin vivostudies.Bioact Mater. 2020;6(5):1223-1229. doi:10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.10.024
6. Rahman M, Dutta NK, Roy Choudhury N. Magnesium alloys with tunable interfaces as bone implant materials.Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020;8:564. doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.00564
7. Ezhilmaran V, Suya Prem Anand P, Kannan S, Sivashanmugam N, Jayakrishna K, Kalusuraman G. Review of bioresorbable AZ91, AZ31 and Mg-Zn-Ca implants and their manufacturing methods. Mater Sci Technol. 2023;39(8):901-925. doi:10.1080/02670836.2022.2153207
8. Nie X, Shi Y, Wang L, Abudureheman W, Yang J, Lin C. Study on the mechanism of magnesium calcium alloys/mineralized collagen composites mediating macrophage polarization to promote bone repair. Heliyon. 2024;10(9):e30279. doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30279
9. Cai S, Lei T, Li N, Feng F. (2012). Effects of Zn on microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of Mg-Zn alloys. Mater Sci Engineering. 2012;32(8), 2570-2577. doi:10.1016/j.msec.2012.07.042
10. Kubásek J, Vojtech D. Structural and corrosion characterization of biodegradable Mg-RE (RE= Gd, Y, Nd) alloys. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China. 2013;23(5):1215-1225. doi:10.1016/S1003-6326(13)62586-8
11. Ghanbarzadeh B, Almasi H. Biodegradable polymers. (eds. Chamy R, Rozenkrans F). Biodegradation-Life of Science. 2013;Chapter 6:141-186.
12. Woodruff MA, Hutmacher DW. The return of a forgotten polymer—polycaprolactone in the 21st century. Progress Polymer Sci. 2010;35(10): 1217-1256. doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2010.04.002
13. Benatti ACB, Pattaro AF, Rodrigues AA, et al. Bioreabsorbable polymers for tissue engineering: PLA, PGA, and their copolymers. In materials for biomedical engineering. Elsevier. 2019.
14. Tschakaloff A, Losken HW, von Oepen R, et al. Degradation kinetics of biodegradable DL-polylactic acid biodegradable implants depending on the site of implantation.Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 1994;23(6 Pt 2):443-445. doi:10.1016/s0901-5027(05)80043-8
15. Daniels AU, Chang MK, Andriano KP. Mechanical properties of biodegradable polymers and composites proposed for internal fixation of bone.J Appl Biomater. 1990;1(1):57-78. doi:10.1002/jab.770010109
16. Turco R, Santagata G, Corrado I, Pezzella C, Di Serio M.In vivo and post-synthesis strategies to enhance the properties of PHB-based materials: a review.Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2021;8:619266. doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.619266
17. Lee NK, Oh HJ, Hong CM, Suh H, Hong SH. Comparison of the synthetic biodegradable polymers, polylactide (PLA), and polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) as scaffolds for artificial cartilage. Biotechnol Bioprocess Eng. 2009;14(2), 180-186.
18. Bellucci D, Sola A, Cannillo V. Hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate composites with bioactive glass as second phase: state of the art and current applications.J Biomed Mater Res A. 2016;104(4):1030-1056. doi:10.1002/jbm.a.35619
19. Wiltfang J, Merten HA, Schlegel KA, et al. Degradation characteristics of alpha and beta tri-calcium-phosphate (TCP) in minipigs. J Biomed Mater Res. 2002;63(2):115-121. doi:10.1002/jbm.10084
20. Ghasabpour T, Sharifianjazi F, Bazli L, Tebidze N, Sorkhabi M. Bioactive glasses, ceramics, glass-ceramics and composites: State-of-the-art review and future challenges. J Composites Compounds. 2025. doi:10.61186/jcc.7.3.1
21. Keerthiga G, Prasad MJNV, Vijayshankar D, Singh Raman RK. Polymeric coatings for magnesium alloys for biodegradable implant application: a review.Materials (Basel). 2023;16(13):4700. doi:10.3390/ma16134700
22. Kusnierczyk K, Basista M. Recent advances in research on magnesium alloys and magnesium-calcium phosphate composites as biodegradable implant materials.J Biomater Appl. 2017;31(6):878-900. doi:10.1177/ 0885328216657271
23. Joiner JB, Prasher A, Young IC, et al. Effects of drug physicochemical properties on in-situ forming implant polymer degradation and drug release kinetics.Pharmaceutics. 2022;14(6):1188. doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics14061188
Article available in :
Volume 5, Issue 1, 2026
Page : 20-23
https://doi.org/10.51271/ANKMJ-0060
Article Information
Received : 10 Kas 2025
Accepted : 18 Ara 2025
Published : 14 Oca 2026
Corresponding Author :

Mehmet Kabalcı: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkiye

[email protected]
Citation : Kabalcı M. Advanced review on biodegradable materials for bone repair: polymers, magnesium-based metals, and ceramics. Ank Med J. 2026;5(1):20-23.

Read: 105
Download : 118
Cited: 0
_Footer